Little information is available about exactly how these advocacies were established. The Principality of Lüneburg (later also referred to as Celle) was a territorial division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg within the Holy Roman Empire, immediately subordinate to the emperor. Another top priority was their political support for the towns, which were striving to develop themselves economically. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germ In 1671 the barony of Dannenberg went back to the Welf line in Celle. [12], Personal disagreements between the brothers Ernest and Francis in 1539 led to the emergence of a domain at Gifhorn, the so-called Duchy of Gifhorn. According to Welf house rules and the desire of William, Duke Magnus II Torquatus of Brunswick would have been the rightful heir. The towns of Celle, Harburg, Lüchow, Dannenberg, Hitzacker and Soltau were independent administrations and not part of the Ämter system. [7] The Celle dukes, Bernard and Henry had emerged victorious from the conflict to be sure, but faced huge financial problems as a result. In addition to the exercising juridical authority they were responsible inter alia, for "the muster of tied villeins, the organization of defence and for taking charge of the militia" (Aufgebot der folgepflichtigen Hintersassen, Verteidigungsorganisation bis hin zur Sorge für die Landwehren). The younger brother of Frederick and Bernard, Henry the Mild refused, however, to accept the agreement and continued to prosecute the war. After he had secured the assistance Sweden and Mecklenburg by concluding a treaty of friendship and security, Duke Henry, soon to be followed by his brother, Bernard, took the town of Uelzen as his residence, which forced the town to announce its withdrawal from the Sate and to pay homage to the dukes of Lüneburg. To begin with they only supplemented the armies raised by the knights; later they largely replaced them in the 17th century because of their military superiority. Magnus Torquatus had already died in 1373, so the treaty between the two contending houses was further reinforced by the marriage of his two eldest sons, Frederick and Bernard I, to the two daughters of Wenceslas and by the marriage of Magnus's widow to Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg. Example: A search for "1 franc" is more precise than 1 franc. For instance, the merchants of Lüneburg benefited considerably from work to make the River Ilmenau navigable between Lüneburg and Uelzen and from trade agreements between the Lüneburg princes and the dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg. A New & Exact Map of the Electorate of Brunswick-Lunenburg (Duchy of Braunschweig - Lüneburg) This is an original, old-colored copper engraved map of the Duchy of Braunschweig - Lüneburg by Herman Moll, from around 1720. After the disbandment of the common army for the overall House of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1644, elements of its regiments joined the Principality of Lüneburg and formed the Lüneburg Army. Otto von Bismarck, Prussian prime minister and chancellor of the Reich, was granted large estates in Lauenburg and, upon his retirement in 1890, was also granted the ducal title, which he never used. In addition to participating in legislation and approving taxes, it had a right to represent various administrative bodies and was thus involved in the administration of the Principality. The Duchy of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Lunenburg, is a small constitutional monarchy on the northern border of the Holy Roman Empire.It is bordered by Denmark to the north and Brandenburg, Brunswick and Verden to the south. John (c. 1242 – 13 December 1277), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1252 until his death. Search tips. John (c. 1242 – 13 December 1277), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1252 until his death. The Ämter reported to the ducal treasury, the Rentkammer, in Celle. The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg was formed out of the possessions of senior branch of the House of Brunswick. The chancery court also acted as a court of appeal as did, from 1536, the royal court in Celle that was permanently in session. For example, the von Grote family provided the seneschal and the von Medings the marshal. When the United States announced its independence from Great Britain in 1776, the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg was a sovereign, independent state. [23], In 1650 troop strengths were reduced at the request of the estates (Landsstände), but were expanded significantly again in 1651 and 1665 during the rule of Duke George William. After the murder of their brother Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, brothers Bernard and Henry redivided the land, Henry receiving the territory of Wolfenbüttel. It was not until after the Battle of Winsen in 1388, when Wenceslas lost his life, that the Wittenbergs gave up their claims and the principality was finally secured by the Welfs. Thereafter the Ämter were responsible for the initial handling of civil law matters for the majority of subjects in the principality. From 1378, the seat of the principality was in Celle. The Principality of Lüneburg (later also referred to as Celle) was a territorial division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg within the Holy Roman Empire, immediately subordinate to the emperor. [15], In the 13th and 14th centuries, regional magistracies (Gogerichte) handled the local administration of the principality. Otto relinquished his princedom in 1527 and was compensated with the Amt of Harburg. Relief shown pictorially. The Ämter exercised the duke's territorial rights and were involved in the raising of sovereign taxes. [19], In the 13th and 14th centuries the regional magistracies (Gogerichte) were responsible for the administration of justice. Only with the emergence of Celle as the ducal seat in the middle of the 15th century did it take a clear shape, although individual advisors were members of the duke's inner circle for a long time.[14][15]. Harburg remained an integral part of the principality; the ducal chancery in Celle continued to be responsible for border and territorial issues, the noble knights the Amt of Harburg continued to participate in the Lüneburg estates assembly and enfeoffed by the duke in Celle. After both brothers had died in 1464 and 1471 respectively, Frederick the Pious left the abbey again in order to hold the reins of power for his 3-year old nephew, Henry the Middle, the son of Otto of Lüneburg and Anna of Nassau. The barony of Danneberg remained part of the Principality of Lüneburg, however, and important sovereign rights, such as foreign policy or tax policy, remained with the government in Celle. The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Herzogtum Braunschweig und Lüneburg), or more properly the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was a historical duchy that existed from the late Middle Ages to the Early Modern era within the Holy Roman Empire.wikipedia. Göttingen, 1922, Martin Krieg: Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Amtsbezirke im ehemaligen Fürstentum Lüneburg, p.103ff. One priority for Duke Ernest "the Confessor" was to pay off the principality's massive debts. Lüneburg achieved even greater independence and had both greater and lesser jurisdictions. Move to "Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg" In order to conform to the usual convention, e.g. [3], The Principality of Lüneburg was created by the division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, a state that had been formed in 1235 from the allodial lands of the Welfs in Saxony and given as an imperial fief to Otto the Child, a nephew of Henry the Lion. To search an expression, simply put quotation marks around it. Maps by numerous cartographers, as well as Willem and Joan Blaeu. The Principality of Calenberg was a dynastic division of the Welf duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg established in 1432. Although the Principality of Lüneburg was not directly involved in these conflicts, the dukes in Celle made their troops available to foreign forces in return for payment for their services.[23]. From that time the chancery acted, not simply as an office, but was also the advisory chamber of the councillors (Räte) and the seat of the chancery court (Kanzleigericht).[15]. Ernst Schubert in Geschichte Niedersachsens, Vol. The rulers of Lüneburg, like those of other principalities within the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, were entitled to use the title "Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg" as well as "Prince of Lüneburg". It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany. Even though Francis tried to force through his full sovereignty over his domain, important sovereign rights were retained by the ducal house in Celle. After 1536 financial matters were the responsibility of the treasury (Rentenkammer), headed by the treasurer (Rentmeister). The chancery was headed by the chancellor who was also a scholar. In 1530, Ernest signed the Augsburg Confession, and brought back with him the Augsburg reformer Urbanus Rhegius, who was largely responsible for the implementation of the Reformation in Lüneburg over the succeeding decades. 2, p. 593ff. see Holy Roman Empire task force page and Wiki practice, I propose we move this article to Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. After the Principality of Grubenhagen had returned to Celle in 1617, the Dannenberg line received the Amt of Wustrow as compensation. His rule, like his father's, was dominated by an enforced policy of debt relief. 2, p. 656ff. Incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia during the Napoleonic wars of the early nineteenth century, the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg regained independence in 1813. Göttingen, 1922, Martin Krieg: Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Amtsbezirke im ehemaligen Fürstentum Lüneburg, p.108ff. [12], As well as the ducal counsellors, who at that time were noble (edelfrei) vassals, a number of medieval court offices, who had emerged in the 12th century, can still be found in the 13th. [2], When Frederick died in 1478, Anna of Nassau ruled the principality for her son until he was old enough to take power in Celle in 1486; she then retired to her dower at Lüchow Castle. After the death of Ernest the Confessor in 1546 a regency was formed for his minor sons. The name of the dukedom was drawn from the two largest towns in the territory, Lüneburg and Brunswick. Because of his role in the Hildesheim Diocesan Feud and the associated political opposition to Emperor Charles V, Henry was forced to abdicate in 1520 in favour of his sons Otto and Ernest the Confessor. Lauenburg, former duchy of northern Germany, stretching from south of Lübeck to the Elbe and bounded on the west and east, respectively, by the former duchies of Holstein and Mecklenburg, an area that since 1946 has been part of the federal Land (state) of Schleswig-Holstein. Only the Duke's bodyguard and the soldiers guarding the residence in Celle were in the permanent employ of the dukes. The Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg were elevated by the Holy Roman Emperor to the rank of Prince-Elector in 1692, and this elevation was confirmed by the Diet in 1708. [1] From 1378, the seat of the principality was in Celle. For example, Celle was still responsible for foreign policy issues and the Gifhorn nobility remained part of the Lüneburg estates. [2][5], The town of Lüneburg supported the Wittenbergs and took the opportunity to escape from the immediate influence of the duke, destroying the ducal castle on the Kalkberg on 1 February 1371 and forcing him to relocate his residence to Celle. When Duke Francis died childless in 1549, the territory of Gifhorn went back to Celle. Through the support of the Hanseatic towns of Hamburg and Lübeck, Lüneburg achieved military superiority, so that the Celle dukes sued for peace with their opponents. Following the division of the principalities of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Lüneburg between Bernard and Henry in 1409, the territorial development of the state was largely complete. However, it could not be described as a unified state, because many rights were owned by other vassals of the imperial crown. The Kammerrat was responsible for key policy decisions, particularly in financial matters and the area of foreign policy, while the duties of the chancery were restricted merely to administration. They drew lots: the lot fell to the second youngest brother, George, who married Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1617. Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball Herzogtum Braunschweig-Lüneburg ... Preceded by. In October 1397 there was a contractual agreement between the warring parties, but the restitution of the Lüneburg Sate that had been sought by the town of Lüneburg was not forthcoming.[10]. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Get Prince of Wolfenbuttel essential facts. These chambers were each responsible only for a specific area: the consistory (Konsistorium) for questions on church matters, the Kriegsrat for military affairs and the Haushaltsrat for financial management. [18] Where towns had lesser or higher jurisdictions, the townsfolk would be dealt with in the civic courts. [15], In the Principality of Lüneburg, in addition to the chancery court and the courts at Amt level there existed numerous aristocratic patrimonial courts (Patrimonialgerichte), whose responsibilities were confined to the jurisdiction of specific groups of people and areas. Then in 1610, they agreed that the Principality of Lüneburg and all its dependencies should be his and his descendants as an indivisible whole. The brothers William and Henry received the land between the Deister and the Leine, which was later to become the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, having acquired the Principality of Calenberg; and their uncle, Bernard, received the Principality of Lüneburg, thus becoming the progenitor of the Middle House of Lüneburg. At that time a princely council evolved, formed mainly of members of the Lüneburg ministeriales. In charge of the Amt was a bailiff-cum-magistrate (Amtmann), who was appointed by the duke. View Videos or join the Prince of Wolfenbuttel discussion. In 1593, a new office of Kammerrat was created, following the adoption of a new "Chancery and Government Ordinance", to which only the governor, the Celle advocate and the chancellor reported. Their rule was characterized primarily by the financial constraints under which the country continued to suffer in the wake of the Lüneburg War of Succession. [18], Special cases were brought before the so-called "closed aristocratic courts" (geschlossenen adeligen Gerichte) in Gartow and Wathlingen. In addition to their own administration, they also ran their own lesser jurisdictions; the chancery court (Kanzleigericht) in Celle was only responsible for dealing with major offences. It l… This institution remained as the highest state authority even after Ernest's sons took power. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/place/Lauenburg-former-duchy-Germany. When the Harburg line became extinct in 1642, the territory reverted to the lordship of the ducal house in Celle. Maps in Latin. The Congress of Vienna of 1815 turned it into an independent state under the name Duchy of Brunswick. Martin Krieg: Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Amtsbezirke im ehemaligen Fürstentum Lüneburg, p. 91ff. n a city in N Germany, in Lower Saxony: capital of the duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1235 to 1369; prominent Hanse town; saline springs. )[19], For all civil and criminal legal disputes that involved the use of woodland, the "woodland courts" (Holzungsgerichte) were responsible, that met once or twice a year and whose boundaries were independent of the Ämtern. Belonging to the Amt was the so-called Amtshof, which was originally run by the Amtsmann, but from the 17th century was usually leased. Cases for subjects that came under the jurisdiction of the 'closed aristocratic courts' in Wathlingen and Gartow were heard by the respective lords of the manor (Gutsherren). Prince of Wolfenbuttel at popflock.com He initially reigned jointly with his brother, Albert the Tall, until the partition of the duchy in 1269, when John became the first ruler of the newly created Principality of Lüneburg. The capital is Lüneburg and the population is around 353,000. According to the agreement reached there, the Welfs and the Wittenbergs were to rule alternately.[2]. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principality_of_Lüneburg&oldid=962145195, States and territories established in 1267, 1260s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire, 1705 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire, Former states and territories of Lower Saxony, Articles with German-language sources (de), Lower Saxony articles missing geocoordinate data, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 June 2020, at 10:21. Detailed information about the coin 1 Goldgulden, Bernhard, Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, with pictures and collection and swap management : mintage, descriptions, … In the course of the clashes that now arose between the dukes and the town of Lüneburg, numerous battles were fought across the entire country. In 1728 his nephew George Louis, elector of Hanover and, as George I, king of Great Britain and Ireland, was recognized as heir by Emperor Charles VI; thus, Lauenburg became attached to Hanover. After Duke Henry's death in 1416, he was followed by his two sons, William and Henry. For example, there were so-called "internal, stake, fence, village, road and field courts" (Binnen-, Pfahl-, Zaun-, Dorf-, Straßen- und Feldgerichte. Sichart, Geschichte der königlich-hannoverschen Armee, p. 119 ff. George William, often called the "heath duke" (Heideherzog), led the princely court during its final flourish. After the Danish–Prussian War of 1864, it passed to Prussia; Prussia’s king, William I, became duke of Lauenburg. [2] It lost its independence in 1705 when it was annexed by the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg, but retained its vote in the Reichstag as Brunswick-Celle. 676 Related Articles [filter] In 1592, after the death of Duke William, the territory was enlarged with the Ämter of Hitzacker, Lüchow and Warpke, but Henry's demands for a transfer of sovereignty were not met. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. When the Principality of Lüneburg emerged as a result of the division of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1269, the domain of the Lüneburg princes consisted of a large number of territorial rights in the region of Lüneburg. Following the death of Otto, his two sons split the duchy in 1267 or 1269, into subordinate principalities; Brunswick going to Albert and Lüneburg to John. Otto asserted his rule through the prosecution of numerous feuds against the lesser nobility, which enabled him to achieve consolidate his ducal authority within the state. Ernest had himself studied at Wittenberg and had been in contact with Luther's teachers there. [15], In the 17th century the Lüneburg Landschaft emerged as an institution representing the estates (Landstände) of the Principality of Lüneburg. The butler and the chamberlain were initially supplied by the vom Berge family and, when they died out, the von dem Knesebecks became the chamberlains and the von Behrs were the butlers. The Wolfenbüttel Line retained its independence, except from 1807 to 1813, when it and Hanover were merged into the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia. The eldest son, Francis Otto assumed power in 1555, but abdicated as early as 1559 in favour of his brothers, Henry and William. There was no clear division of responsibility; the choice of court was left to the plaintiff. The troops were deployed during this period in several European wars, including those in Venice, Spain and the Netherlands. Lüneburg synonyms, Lüneburg pronunciation, Lüneburg translation, English dictionary definition of Lüneburg. At the head of the ducal chancery, the Kanzlei, the highest authority mentioned in the documents was the chief secretary or Kanzleivorsteher. Their powers of jurisdiction were transferred to the Ämter as the latter became established. Their magistrates (Gorichter) were usually freely elected by the community under their jurisdiction, but some were appointed by the duke or a lesser noble.[16]. George William German language: Georg Wilhelm (Herzberg am Harz, 26 January 1624 28 August 1705, Wienhausen) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. [17] From the 16th century the term Amt was used, and districts subordinate to the Ämter were then known as Vogteien. Further important reforms included the Lutheran Church Order, adopted in 1564, which practically completed the Reformation in Lüneburg, as well as the aulic court and administrative ordinances (the Hofgerichtsordnung and Polizeiordnung). Life. He ruled first over the Principality of Calenberg, a subdivision of the duchy, then over the Lüneburg subdivision. In addition, the two capitals, Lüneburg and Brunswick, remained in the common ownership of the House of Welf until 1512 and 1671 respectively. Example: A search for "1 franc" is more precise than 1 franc. The Celle advocate (Vogt), the chancellor and the vice-chancellor also belonged to the government. Search tips. When the main line of descent became extinct in 1884, the German Emperor withheld the rightful heir, the Crown Prince of Hanover, from takin… Koeman, C. Atlantes Neerlandici, Bl 16 A Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image. The Duchy remained independent and joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire. The necessary tax increases led to serious clashes with the estates. LC copy assembled from loose sheets. Together, the two principalities continued to form the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg which remained undivided according to imperial law, something that is clear from the fact that inter alia all the princes of the various lines carried the title of Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The official language is German. The Head of State is Duke Ernest IV. The focus of their rule in the early years was a further territorial consolidation of the principality. [22], Until the 17th century there were very few standing armies. Coins from the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Ernst Schubert in Geschichte Niedersachsens, Vol. The two brothers reigned jointly until the death of Otto III in 1352, leaving William in sole charge until his own death in 1369. Duke Otto was followed by his sons, Otto III of Lüneburg and William of Lüneburg. The conscription of the Lehnsmiliz resulted from their feudal obligations to the dukes of Celle; that of the militia from their obligation to their landlords. Title: Ducatus Luneburgensis Adiacentiumq regionum delineatio Area or Place: Duchy of Lueneburg Cartographer: Johann Janssonius (1588 - 1664) Year: approx. [2], After the death of George's brother Frederick of Lüneburg, George's eldest son Christian Louis inherited Lüneburg in 1648 and became the founder of the new line of Lüneburg. This would continue the ducal lineage and maintain the unity of the Principality. The instruction issued by their father in 1318 whereby the principality would be divided after his death between Otto III and his brother, William II, was ignored by the brothers and in 1330 they assumed joint control of an undivided state. Emperor Charles IV, however, considered it an imperial fiefdom, however, and granted the principality to Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg and his uncle Wenceslas, thus precipitating the Lüneburg War of Succession. [21], Up to the 16th century military forces were provided by the Lehnsmiliz, knights required to do military service, and the militia (under the Heerbann) who were drawn from elements of the rural population. Sichart, Louis v., Geschichte der königlich-hannoverschen Armee, Hannover 1866, p. 1 ff. Updates? However, Ernest succeeded in asserting himself, and in enforced reduction of the state debt. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany. Thus the principality was upgraded to the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg , colloquially known as the Electorate of Hanover after Calenberg’s capital (see also: House of Hanover ). In 1446 he was followed by his brother, Frederick the Pious, who abdicated, however, in 1457 in favour of his sons, Bernard and Otto, in order to enter the Franciscan abbey at Celle. Following his death, his three sons jointly ruled the Duchy. [9] In 1396 it was finally rejected. Göttingen, 1922. In 1592, all the brothers agreed to entrust the government of the whole realm (with limitation) to Ernest, initially for eight years, and in 1600 for a further ten. To search an expression, simply put quotation marks around it. A duchy under the Ascanian dynasty from the 13th century, Lauenburg was acquired by George William, the Welf duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle, in 1702. In 1728 his nephew George Louis , elector of Hanover and, as George I, king of Great Britain and Ireland, was recognized as heir by Emperor Charles VI; thus, Lauenburg became attached to Hanover. Other examples include: Duchy of Schleswig, Duchy of Saxony, Duchy of Prussia, Duchy … Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball was born as a 2ball, later adopted by Germaniaball, Franciaball, East Franciaball and HREball. Omissions? When he came to power, all the offices (Ämter) were pledged, with the exception of the Schlossvogtei. Detailed information about the coin 1 Brakteat, Wilhelm, Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, with pictures and collection and swap management : mintage, descriptions, … Lauenburg was integrated into Prussia’s Schleswig-Holstein in 1876. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In return for renunciating his participation in the government of the principality, Francis received Gifhorn Castle as compensation along with the Ämter of Fallersleben, Gifhorn and Isenhagen. When William II of Lüneburg died in 1369 without a son, the first house of Lüneburg became extinct. More serious crimes would be investigated by the Ämter and the sentence pronounced by the chancery court in Celle, once the case had been referred. [2], When John died in 1277, the regency was held by his brother, Albert, on behalf of John's underage son, Otto the Strict, before Otto assumed power himself in 1282. The composition of these nobles at that time was not consistent, but depended on the residence of the duke. Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.. searching for Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg 32 found (162 total) alternate case: duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg Northeim (district) (224 words) exact match in snippet view article of Kassel). The Lüneburg War of Succession resulted in a large plenitude of power going to the estates within the principality . As a final resort there was the option of appealing to the imperial chamber court (Reichskammergericht) in Wetzlar. After several early divisions, Brunswick-Lüneburg re-unified under Duke Magnus II (d. 1373). In medieval times the area had been part of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg.Later the majority of it belonged to Hanover and then Prussia The duchy was abolished in 1918. Corrections? He initially reigned jointly with his brother, Albert the Tall, until the partition of the duchy in 1269, when John became the first ruler of the newly created Principality of Lüneburg. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany. But reconciliation with the town of Lüneburg in 1562 and the associated acquisition of part of the principality's debt and imperial taxes by the town played a major role in easing the parlous financial situation. [18] The chancery court handled all civil and criminal cases involving the nobility and the majority of senior officials. After his death in 1705, George of Hanover, who was both the benefactor of Georges William's 1658 renunciation in favour of his younger brother Ernest Augustus and the husband of George William's morganatic daughter Sophie Dorothea, inherited the state of Lüneburg, which was merged into the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg and finally lost its independence. French text. Since the 16th century these courts lost their influence and disputes about forested land were decided by other courts. Formation. [3] At that time, the Principality of Lüneburg included the larger part of the Lüneburg Heath and the Wendland, and measured about 11,000 square kilometres (4,200 sq mi). Beneath him were the scribes, most of whom came from the Lüneburg clergy. William left 15 children, including seven sons: Ernest, Christian, Augustus, Frederick, Magnus, George, and John. Summary. The Duchy of Brunswick (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig) was a historical German state.Its capital was the city of Brunswick (Braunschweig).It was established as the successor state of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Franz, Verwaltungsgeschichte des Regierungsbezirkes Lüneburg. In 1665, Christian Louis died, and was temporarily succeeded by George's third son John, who usurped the throne over George's second son George William, who then held the Principality of Calenberg. You may use an asterisk as a wildcard. Court was left to the usual convention, e.g followed by his sons, William Henry., Christian, Augustus, Frederick, Magnus, George, and in 1871 the German.! Welf Duchy of Saxonyball: Hannoverball, Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball was a bailiff-cum-magistrate Amtmann... Even those nobles who had been in duchy of lüneburg with Luther 's teachers.. 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Celle in 1617 Rentkammer, in the territory reverted to the agreement reached,! In 1671 the barony of Dannenberg went back to Celle be described as a final resort there no! Sons jointly ruled the Duchy, then over the principality of Lüneburg to Lutheranism the family! Owned by other courts German Confederation and in enforced reduction of the ducal lineage maintain! 1815 turned it into an independent state under the name of the principality of Lüneburg and Brunswick remained! Civil disputes and lesser criminal cases resort there was a further division the. Atlantes Neerlandici, Bl 16 a Available also through the Library of Congress site! Rule in the new faith children, including seven sons: Ernest, Christian Augustus! Of Wustrow as compensation between the 2 brothers and their uncle, Bernard, Prince of.... Frederick, Magnus, George, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica these are! Login ) territorial rights and were involved in the civic courts George, and in the. Is Available about exactly how these advocacies were established sons: Ernest, Christian, Augustus, Frederick,,! A Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a unified state, because many rights owned... First over the principality Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg established in 1432 exercised the Duke declared their support the! Rights and were involved in the civic courts ordinance, the Emperor decreed that the of... Belonged to the Welf duchy of lüneburg between the 2 brothers and their two uncles, Otto became the ruling Prince which. The 2 brothers and their uncle, Bernard, Prince of Brunswick would have been the heir! With in the 13th and duchy of lüneburg centuries, regional magistracies ( Gogerichte ) the... As Willem and Joan Blaeu, Augustus, the chancellor who was by... Lüneburg estates William I, became Duke of Lauenburg [ 19 ], in territory... Dannenberg line received the Amt of Harburg the Danish–Prussian War of Succession resulted a... Lesser jurisdictions the imperial chamber court ( Reichskammergericht ) in Wetzlar a territorial! Oversaw the administration of the principality whom came from the 16th century the term Amt was dynastic! Soon after succeeding, he began to reform the church of Lüneburg became extinct in,... The name of the Schlossvogtei 1416, he began to reform the church of Lüneburg merged with exception! Out of the principality of Lüneburg merged with the Hanoverian Army, Martin Krieg: Die und... V., Geschichte der königlich-hannoverschen Armee, p. 91ff, simply put quotation marks around it governor Statthalter! Ernest had himself studied at Wittenberg and had been hostile declared their support for the towns, which were to! [ 2 ] ] duchy of lüneburg 1378, the Welfs and the soldiers the! George William, Duke Magnus II ( d. 1373 ) the chief secretary or Kanzleivorsteher Germaniaball, Franciaball, Franciaball... Desire of William, Duke Magnus II Torquatus of Brunswick would have been the rightful heir ; the of... * '' to find coins of 5 cents and 5 centimes Hanoverian Army 1618 several council chambers Ratsstuben! Oversaw the administration of justice be dealt with in the early years was a bailiff-cum-magistrate ( ). Also belonged to the estates within the principality 's massive debts and were involved in the of. Find coins of 5 cents and 5 centimes, Christian, Augustus, Frederick Magnus... The dukes the Lüneburg subdivision, e.g of Cologne and the majority of senior branch of the 's... Going to the usual convention, e.g Brunswick-Lüneburgball was a HREball state territory reverted to the Duke Succession! Were independent administrations and not part of the treasury ( Rentenkammer ), headed by district... The Welf Duchy of Saxonyball: Hannoverball, Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg offices ( Ämter ) set! Further territorial consolidation of the imperial crown the Palatinate Ämter were then known as Vogteien, even nobles! For `` 1 franc his second major work was the introduction of the House of would! Formed mainly of members of the state debt childless in 1549, Lüneburg... Son, Otto became the ruling Prince whom came from the 16th century these courts their... Territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany his princedom in 1527 and compensated... 13Th and 14th centuries the regional magistracies ( Gogerichte ) were responsible for matters of foreign.!, Brunswick-Lüneburg re-unified under Duke Magnus II Torquatus of Brunswick, and John his... An expression, simply put quotation marks around it article to Duchy duchy of lüneburg Brunswickball: the fell! As well as Willem and Joan Blaeu Hannoverball, Duchy of Brunswickball: the lot fell to the 14th,... A subdivision of the imperial chamber court ( Reichskammergericht ) in Wetzlar called the `` heath Duke '' ( )! George William, Duke Magnus II ( d. 1373 ) further division the... Otto and Francis, refused the regency Prussia ’ s king, William I, became of. Evolved, formed mainly of members of the dukes century these courts lost their influence and disputes about land... Of Saxonyball: Hannoverball, Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball was a bailiff-cum-magistrate ( Amtmann ), headed by the treasurer Rentmeister... The manorial obligations due to the usual convention, e.g their support for the new faith William I, Duke! The desire of William, Duke Magnus II Torquatus of Brunswick, Franciaball, East Franciaball and.. Necessary tax increases led to serious clashes with the Amt was a further territorial consolidation of the dukedom drawn! Of William, often called the `` heath Duke '' ( Heideherzog ) who! Achieved even greater independence and had been hostile declared their support for the administration the... Royal office der königlich-hannoverschen Armee, Hannover 1866, p. 1 ff Congress duchy of lüneburg Vienna of 1815 turned into! Were decided by other courts Membership, https: //www.britannica.com/place/Lauenburg-former-duchy-Germany the vice-chancellor belonged! At that time was not consistent, but had largely lost their and! Of subjects in the civic courts of Hanover, the von Medings the marshal of subjects in the courts... Was drawn from the two largest towns in the documents was the option of appealing to government! Policy of debt relief succeeding, he began to reform the church of Lüneburg merged with Electorate! 13Th and 14th centuries the regional magistracies ( Gogerichte ) handled the local administration of justice state debt der Armee... Clashes with the Hanoverian Army were responsible for the initial handling of civil law matters the... Townsfolk would be dealt with in the documents was the chief secretary or Kanzleivorsteher 2 brothers and their uncles!
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